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NEW QUESTION 61
An administrator configured the FortiGate devices in an enterprise network to join the Fortinet Security Fabric. The administrator has a list of IP addresses that must be blocked by the data center firewall. This list is updated daily. How can the administrator automate a firewall policy with the daily updated list?
A. With FortiNAC.
B. With FortiAnalyzer.
C. With a Security Fabric automation.
D. With an external connector from Threat Feeds.
Answer: D
Explanation:
The best way to automate a firewall policy using a daily updated list of IP addresses is by using an external connector from Threat Feeds. This allows FortiGate to dynamically retrieve real-time threat intelligence from external sources and apply it directly to security policies. By configuring Threat Feeds, the administrator can:
– Automatically update firewall policies with the latest malicious IPs daily.
– Block traffic from those IPs in real-time without manual intervention.
– Integrate with FortiGuard, third-party threat intelligence sources, or custom feeds (CSV, STIX/TAXII, etc.).
NEW QUESTION 62
What does the command set forward-domain <domain_ID> in a transparent VDOM interface do?
A. It configures the interface to prioritize traffic based on the domain ID, enhancing quality of service for specified VLANs.
B. It isolates traffic within a specific VLAN by assigning a broadcast domain to an interface based on the VLAN ID.
C. It restricts the interface to managing traffic only from the specified VLAN, effectively segregating network traffic.
D. It assigns a unique domain ID to the interface, allowing it to operate across multiple VLANs within the same VDOM.
Answer: B
Explanation:
In a transparent mode Virtual Domain (VDOM) configuration, FortiGate operates as a Layer 2 bridge rather than performing Layer 3 routing. The set forward-domain <domain_ID> command is used to control how traffic is forwarded between interfaces within the same transparent VDOM. A forward-domain acts as a broadcast domain, meaning only interfaces with the same forward- domain ID can exchange traffic. This setting is commonly used to separate different VLANs or network segments within the transparent VDOM while still allowing FortiGate to apply security policies.
NEW QUESTION 63
A company’s users on an IPsec VPN between FortiGate A and B have experienced intermittent issues since implementing VXLAN. The administrator suspects that packets exceeding the 1500-byte default MTU are causing the problems. In which situation would adjusting the interface’s maximum MTU value help resolve issues caused by protocols that add extra headers to IP packets?
A. Adjust the MTU on interfaces only if FortiGate has the FortiGuard enterprise bundle, which allows MTU modification.
B. Adjust the MTU on interfaces in all FortiGate devices that support the latest family of Fortinet SPUs: NP7, CP9 and SP5.
C. Adjust the MTU on interfaces in controlled environments where all devices along the path allow MTU interface changes.
D. Adjust the MTU on interfaces only in wired connections like PPPoE, optic fiber, and ethernet cable.
Answer: C
Explanation:
When using IPsec VPNs and VXLAN, additional headers are added to packets, which can exceed the default 1500-byte MTU. This can lead to fragmentation issues, dropped packets, or degraded performance. To resolve this, the MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) should be adjusted only if all devices in the network path support it. Otherwise, some devices may still drop or fragment packets, leading to continued issues. Why adjusting MTU helps:
– VXLAN adds a 50-byte overhead to packets.
– IPsec adds additional encapsulation (ESP, GRE, etc.), increasing the packet size. If packets exceed the MTU, they may be fragmented or dropped, causing intermittent connectivity issues.
– Lowering the MTU on interfaces ensures packets stay within the supported size limit across all network devices.
NEW QUESTION 64
What is the initial step performed by FortiGate when handling the first packets of a session?
A. Installation of the session key in the network processor (NP).
B. Data encryption and decryption.
C. Security inspections such as ACL, HPE, and IP integrity header checking.
D. Offloading the packets directly to the content processor (CP).
Answer: C
Explanation:
When FortiGate processes the first packets of a session, it follows a sequence of steps to determine how the traffic should be handled before establishing a session. The initial step involves:
– Access Control List (ACL) checks: Determines if the traffic should be allowed or blocked based on predefined security rules.
– Hardware Packet Engine (HPE) inspections: Ensures that packet headers are valid and comply with protocol standards.
– IP Integrity Header Checking: Verifies if the IP headers are intact and not malformed or spoofed. Once these security inspections are completed and the session is validated, FortiGate then installs the session in hardware (if offloading is enabled) or processes it in software.
NEW QUESTION 65
An administrator applied a block-all IPS profile for client and server targets to secure the server, but the database team reported the application stopped working immediately after. How can an administrator apply IPS in a way that ensures it does not disrupt existing applications in the network?
A. Use an IPS profile with all signatures in monitor mode and verify patterns before blocking.
B. Limit the IPS profile to server targets only to avoid blocking connections from the server to clients.
C. Select flow mode in the IPS profile to accurately analyze application patterns.
D. Set the IPS profile signature action to default to discard all possible false positives.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Applying an aggressive IPS profile without prior testing can disrupt legitimate applications by incorrectly identifying normal traffic as malicious. To prevent disruptions while still monitoring for threats:
– Enable IPS in “Monitor Mode” first: This allows FortiGate to log and analyze potential threats without actively blocking traffic. Administrators can review logs and fine-tune IPS signatures to minimize false positives before switching to blocking mode.
– Verify and adjust signature patterns: Some signatures might trigger unnecessary blocks for legitimate application traffic. By analyzing logs, administrators can disable or modify specific rules causing false positives.
NEW QUESTION 66
An administrator is extensively using VXLAN on FortiGate. Which specialized acceleration hardware does FortiGate need to improve its performance?
A. NP7
B. SP5
C. 9
D. NTurbo
Answer: A
Explanation:
VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) is an overlay network technology that extends Layer 2 networks over Layer 3 infrastructure. When VXLAN is used extensively on FortiGate, hardware acceleration is crucial for maintaining performance. NP7 (Network Processor 7) is Fortinet’s latest network processor designed to accelerate high-performance networking features, including:
– VXLAN encapsulation/decapsulation.
– IPsec VPN offloading.
– Firewall policy enforcement.
– Advanced threat protection at wire speed.
NP7 significantly reduces latency and improves throughput when handling VXLAN traffic, making it the best choice for large-scale VXLAN deployments.
NEW QUESTION 67
Which two statements about IKEv2 are true if an administrator decides to implement IKEv2 in the VPN topology? (Choose two.)
A. It includes stronger Diffie-Hellman (DH) groups, such as Elliptic Curve (ECP) groups.
B. It supports interoperability with devices using IKEv1.
C. It exchanges a minimum of two messages to establish a secure tunnel.
D. It supports the extensible authentication protocol (EAP).
Answer: AD
Explanation:
IKEv2 (Internet Key Exchange version 2) is an improvement over IKEv1, offering enhanced security, efficiency, and flexibility in VPN configurations:
– It includes stronger Diffie-Hellman (DH) groups, such as Elliptic Curve (ECP) groups. IKEv2 supports stronger cryptographic algorithms, including Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) groups such as ECP256 and ECP384, providing improved security compared to IKEv1.
– It supports the extensible authentication protocol (EAP). IKEv2 natively supports EAP authentication, which allows integration with external authentication mechanisms such as RADIUS, certificates, and smart cards. This is particularly useful for remote access VPNs where user authentication must be flexible and secure.
NEW QUESTION 68
An administrator must enable direct communication between multiple spokes in a company’s network. Each spoke has more than one internet connection. The requirement is for the spokes to connect directly without passing through the hub, and for the links to automatically switch to the best available connection. How can this automatic detection and optimal link utilization between spokes be achieved?
A. Set up OSPF routing over static VPN tunnels between spokes.
B. Utilize ADVPN 2.0 to facilitate dynamic direct tunnels and automatic link optimization.
C. Establish static VPN tunnels between spokes with predefined backup routes.
D. Implement SD-WAN policies at the hub to manage spoke link quality.
Answer: B
Explanation:
ADVPN (Auto-Discovery VPN) 2.0 is the optimal solution for enabling direct spoke-to-spoke communication without passing through the hub, while also allowing automatic link selection based on quality metrics.
– Dynamic Direct Tunnels: ADVPN 2.0 allows spokes to establish direct IPsec tunnels dynamically based on traffic patterns, reducing latency and improving performance. Unlike static VPNs, spokes do not need to pre-configure tunnels for each other.
– Automatic Link Optimization: ADVPN 2.0 monitors the quality of multiple internet connections on each spoke. It automatically switches to the best available connection when the primary link degrades or fails. This is achieved by dynamically adjusting BGP-based routing or leveraging SD-WAN integration.
NEW QUESTION 69
While configuring the BGP protocol, an administrator applies the set network-import-check disable command under config network. What will FortiGate do as a result of this command?
A. FortiGate will advertise only the corresponding prefixes in the BGP network table to its BGP neighbor, even if it is not in the routing table.
B. FortiGate will advertise all the prefixes in the BGP network table to its BGP neighbor, even if it is not in the routing table.
C. FortiGate will not advertise any imported routes received from one BGP neighbor to another.
D. FortiGate will not advertise the prefixes, if it is not in the routing table.
Answer: A
Explanation:
If you disable the setting in config network, only the corresponding prefixes are advertised in the BGP network table, regardless of the active routes present in the routing table.
NEW QUESTION 70
Which statement about meta fields is true?
A. Meta fields must be set to required.
B. Meta field changes are applied only at the ADOM level.
C. Meta fields are useful for creating multiple objects with the same logical name but different values.
D. Meta fields can be used as variables in scripts or provisioning templates.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Meta fields are useful when an enterprise has global offices or branches and the FortiManager administrator must creation multiple objects with the same logical name, but different values.
NEW QUESTION 71
Which statement about network processor (NP) offloading is true?
A. When NP acceleration is enabled, firewall sessions may not offload if proxy-based security profiles are included in the firewall policy.
B. You can disable the NP for each firewall policy using the command np-acceleration set to loose.
C. The FortiGate CPU offloads all firewall sessions that require FortiOS session helper to the network processing unit (NPU).
D. For UDP traffic, the FortiGate CPU offloads the first packet to identify it as fast-path traffic.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 72
Which two statements about IKE version 2 fragmentation are true? (Choose two.)
A. IKEv2 fragmentation is performed at IP layer.
B. The reassembly timeout default value is 30 seconds.
C. Only some IKE version 2 packets are considered fragmentable.
D. The maximum number of IKE version 2 fragments are 64.
Answer: CD
NEW QUESTION 73
An administrator must improve the resiliency of a link by minimizing data loss within the enterprise network that has full path redundancy. What should the administrator enable on the FortiGate devices that use BGP as dynamic routing protocol between two separate autonomous systems? (Choose two.)
A. graceful-restart
B. ibgp-multipath
C. bfd
D. route-reflector-client
Answer: AC
NEW QUESTION 74
An administrator is configuring application control with FortiGate running in next-generation firewall (NGFW) policy-based mode. Which two actions must the administrator take? (Choose two.)
A. Configure the action as quarantine, if an application requires feedback to prevent instability.
B. Configure central source network address translation (SNAT), if NAT is required.
C. Create an application control profile and apply the profile to a firewall policy.
D. Specify an SSLISSH inspection profile on a consolidated policy.
Answer: BD
NEW QUESTION 75
Which two configurations are mandatory for an auto-discovery VPN (ADVPN) implementation on a hub? (Choose two.)
A. The remote-ip must be on a different IP address from the overlay subnet.
B. set net-device must be disabled to avoid dynamic interface creation.
C. set add-route must be enabled to add routes.
D. An overlay IP address with a mask of /32 must be assigned to the IPsec virtual interface.
Answer: BD
NEW QUESTION 76
……
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